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Table
1) A systematic arrangement of data presented in rows and/or columns with appropriate titles, captions, etc.; and
2) An arrangement of data items within a logical record in a summary tape file or other computerized medium, characterized by a common universe.
Tabulation
1) A table presenting statistics; and 2) the process of summarizing data.
Technical documentation
A publication or section of a publication or pdf file presenting detailed and complete information regarding a computer file or dataset. The text generally includes an abstract of the file, and overview of the statistical program of which the file is a part, a data dictionary that describes in detail the data that appear in the file, a glossary of concepts, and a questionnaire facsimile. Technical documentation for files based on sample data contain a source and reliability statement that includes a description of the sample design, the weighting procedures, and a presentation of sampling errors and/or a description of the ways to calculate them.
Tenure
Refers to the distinction between owner-occupied and renter-occupied housing units.
Related terms: Housing unit, Owner-occupied housing unit, Renter-occupied housing unit
Thematic map
A map that reveals the geographic patterns in statistical data.
TIGER database
TIGER ® is an acronym for the Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing (System or database). It is a digital (computer-readable) geographic database that automates the mapping and related geographic activities required to support the U.S. Census Bureau's census and survey programs. The U.S. Census Bureau developed the TIGER System to automate the geographic support processes needed to meet the major geographic needs of the 1990 census: producing the cartographic products to support data collection and map presentations, providing the geographic structure for tabulation and dissemination of the collected statistical data, assigning residential and employer addresses to the correct geographic location and relating those locations to the geographic entities used for data tabulation, and so forth. The content of the TIGER database is undergoing continuous updates and is made available to the public through a variety of TIGER/Line ® files that may be obtained free of charge from the Internet or packaged on CD-ROM or DVD from Customer Services, U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, DC 20233-1900.
Title 13 (U.S. Code)
The law under which the Census Bureau operates and that guarantees the confidentiality of census information and establishes penalties for disclosing this information. It also provides the authorization for conducting the census in Puerto Rico and the Island Areas.
Related terms: Confidentiality, Decennial census, Privacy Act
Total capital expenditures
In the Economic Census, this term represents the total new and used capital expenditures reported by establishments in operation and any known plants under construction. Included in this item are expenditures for:
- Permanent additions and major alterations to manufacturing and mining establishments.
- New and used machinery and equipment used for replacement and additions to plant capacity, if they are of the type for which depreciation, depletion, or (for mining establishments) Office of Minerals Exploration accounts are ordinarily maintained. In addition, for mining establishments, these data include expenditures made during the year for development and exploration of mineral properties. For manufacturing establishments, these data are broken down into three types.
- Automobiles, trucks, etc. for highway use. This includes vehicles acquired under a lease-purchase agreement and excludes vehicles leased or normally designed to transport materials, property, or equipment on mining, construction, petroleum development, and similar projects. These vehicles are of such size or weight as to be normally restricted by state laws or regulations from operating on public highways. It also excludes purchases of vehicles that are purchased by a company for highway use.
- Computers and peripheral data processing equipment. This item includes all purchases of computers and related equipment.
- All other expenditures for machinery and equipment excluding automobiles and computer equipment.
Capital expenditures include work done by contract, as well as by the establishment's own workforce.
These data exclude expenditures for land and mineral rights and cost of maintenance and repairs charged as current operating expenses.
Total compensation
In the Economic Census, this term refers to the annual payroll or gross earnings paid in each calendar year to employees at the establishment. It includes all forms of compensation, such as salaries, wages, commissions, dismissal pay, bonuses, vacation and sick leave pay, and compensation in kind, prior to such deductions as employees' Social Security contributions, withholding taxes, group insurance, union dues, and savings bonds. The total includes salaries of officers of corporations; it excludes payments to proprietors or partners of unincorporated concerns. Also excluded are payments to members of Armed Forces and pensioners carried on the active payrolls of manufacturing establishments.
It should be noted that this definition does not include employers' Social Security contributions or other non-payroll labor costs, such as employees' pension plans, group insurance premiums, and workers' compensation.
Total cost of supplies
In the Economic Census, this term refers to direct charges actually paid or payable for items consumed or put into production during the year, including freight charges and other direct charges incurred by the establishment in acquiring these items. It includes the cost of these items whether purchased by the individual establishment from other companies, transferred to it from other establishments of the same company, or withdrawn from inventory during the year. Included are items charged to both current and capital accounts.
Total cost of materials
In the Economic Census, this term refers to direct charges actually paid or payable for items consumed or put into production during the year, including freight charges and other direct charges incurred by the establishment in acquiring these materials. It includes the cost of materials or fuel consumed, whether purchased by the individual establishment from other companies, transferred to it from other establishments of the same company, or withdrawn from inventory during the year. Included in this item are:
- Cost of parts, components, containers, etc. Includes all raw materials, semi-finished goods, parts, containers, scrap, and supplies put into production or used as operating supplies and for repair and maintenance during the year.
- Cost of products bought and sold in the same condition.
- Cost of fuels consumed for heat and power. Includes the cost of materials or fuel consumed, whether purchased by the individual establishment from other companies, transferred to it from other establishments of the same company, or withdrawn from inventory during the year.
- Cost of purchased electricity. The cost of purchased electric energy represents the amount actually used during the year for heat and power. In addition, information is collected on the quantity of electric energy generated by the establishment and the quantity of electric energy sold or transferred to other plants of the same company.
- Cost of contract work. This term applies to work done by others on materials furnished by the manufacturing establishment. The actual cost of the material is to be reported on the cost of materials, parts, and containers line of this item. The term “Contract Work” refers to the fee a company pays to another company to perform a service.
Total depreciation
In the Economic Census, this item includes depreciation and amortization charged during the year against assets. Depreciation charged against fixed assets acquired since the beginning of the year and against assets sold or retired during the year are components of this category. Respondents were requested to make certain that they did not report accumulated depreciation.
Total inventories
In the Economic Census Mining Sector, beginning of year inventories are collected on Census forms as the end of the previous year (for example, beginning of year 2007 inventories are collected as end of year 2006 inventories). These items are comprised of:
- Mineral products, crude petroleum, and natural gas liquids
- Supplies, parts, fuels, etc.
Beginning in 1982, respondents were asked to report their inventories at (the lower of) cost or market prior to adjustment to LIFO cost. This is a change from prior years in which respondents were permitted to value their inventories using any generally accepted accounting method. Therefore, 1982 through 2002 data for inventories are not strictly comparable to prior year data.
In addition, total beginning and end of year inventories are the sum of several different types of inventory valuations. Inventory valuation methods include:
- Last-in, first-out (LIFO) costing (including LIFO reserve and value).
- All other methods (not subject to LIFO costing).
Total rental payments during year
In the Economic Census, total rental payments are collected on all census forms. This item includes rental payments for the use of all items for which depreciation reserves would be maintained, if they were owned by the establishment, e.g., structures and buildings, and production, office, and transportation equipment. Excluded are royalties and other payments for the use of intangibles and depletable assets.
When an establishment of a multi-establishment company was charged rent by another part of the same company for the use of assets owned by the company, it was instructed to exclude that cost from rental payments. However, the book value (original cost) of these company-owned assets was to be reported as assets of the establishment at the end of the year.
If there were assets at an establishment rented from another company and the rents were paid centrally by the head office of the establishment, the company was instructed to report these rental payments as if they were paid directly by the establishment.
Total retirements
In the Economic Census, this term includes the gross value of assets sold, retired, scrapped, destroyed, etc., during the calendar year. When a complete operation or establishment changed ownership, the respondent was instructed to report the value of the assets sold at the original cost as recorded in the books of the seller. The respondent also was requested to report retirements of equipment or structures owned by a parent company that the establishment was using as if it were a tenant.
Total value of shipments and receipts for services
In the Economic Census, this includes the net selling values, “Free on Board” (FOB) mine or plant after discounts and allowances (exclusive of freight and excise taxes), of all products shipped, both primary and secondary, as well as all miscellaneous receipts, such as installation and repair, sales of scrap, and sales of products bought and sold without further processing. Included are all products physically shipped by the establishments, whether sold, transferred to other plants of the same company, or shipped on consignment. For products transferred to other establishments of the same company, or prepared on a custom or toll basis, companies were requested to report the estimated value, not merely the cost of producing the product.
In the case of multiunit companies, each establishment was requested to report the value of products transferred to other establishments of the same company at full economic or commercial value, including not only the direct cost of production but also a reasonable proportion of “all other costs” (including company overhead) and profit.
In addition to the value for NAICS defined products, aggregates of the following categories of miscellaneous receipts are reported as part of a total establishment's value of shipments and receipts for services:
- Receipts for services — receipts for work or services that an establishment performed for others.
- Value of resales — sales of products brought and sold without further processing.
- Other miscellaneous receipts — includes repair work, installation, sales of scrap, etc.
Industry primary product value of shipments and receipts for services represents one of three components of value of shipments and receipts for services. These components are:
- Primary product value of shipments and receipts for services.
- Secondary product value of shipments and receipts for services.
- Value of resales.
An establishment is classified in a particular NAICS industry when its shipments of a particular group of products exceed in value its shipments of products classified in any other single industry.
An establishment’s value of shipments and receipts for services include those products assigned to an industry (primary products), those considered primary to other industries (secondary products), receipts for services and miscellaneous activities, and the value of resales.
Value of product shipments represents the total value of all products shipped that are classified as primary to an industry and includes those that were shipped by all mining and manufacturing establishments regardless of their industry classification.
Town
A type of minor civil division in the New England states, New York, and Wisconsin and a type of incorporated place in 30 states and the Virgin Islands of the United States.
Related term: County subdivision
Tract
See Census tract.
Tract number
Used to uniquely identify a census tract within a county.
Traffic Analysis Zone (TAZ)
An area delineated by state and/or local transportation officials for tabulating traffic-related data - especially journey-to-work and place-of-work statistics. Usually consists of one or more census blocks, block groups, or census tracts.
Related term: Journey to work
Tribal Block Group (BG)
A subdivision of a tribal census tract, a tribal block group is the smallest geographic unit for which the Census Bureau tabulates sample data. Tribal BGs are delineated by American Indian tribal participants or the Census Bureau, and average about 1,000 people. A tribal BG consists of all the census blocks within a tribal census tract with the same beginning number.
Example: Tribal BG 3 within a tribal census tract consists of all blocks numbered from 3000 to 3999.
In situations where an American Indian reservation or trust land crosses county or state lines, the same tribal BG number (within a tribal census tract) may be assigned on both sides of the county/state line.
Tribal Census Tract
A small, relatively permanent statistical subdivision of a federally recognized American Indian reservation and/or off-reservation trust land, delineated by American Indian tribal participants or the Census Bureau for the purpose of presenting data. Designed to be relatively homogeneous units with respect to population characteristics, economic status, and living conditions, tribal census tracts average about 2,500 people.
A tribal census tract must consist of territory located on a reservation/trust land. The boundaries of tribal census tracts may cross state and/or county lines, and normally follow visible features, but may follow governmental unit boundaries and other nonvisible features in some instances. The Census Bureau has reserved the numbers 9400 to 9499 for tribal census tracts delineated on reservations/trust lands that are located in more than one county, but tracts numbered in the 9400 range do not necessarily cross county lines.
Tribal Designated Statistical Area (TDSA)
A statistical entity identified and delineated for the Census Bureau by a federally recognized American Indian tribe that does not currently have a legally established land base. A TDSA encompasses a compact and contiguous area that contains a concentration of individuals who identify with a federally recognized American Indian tribe and which there is structured or organized tribal activity.
Tribal Group
Refers to the combining of individual American Indian tribes, such as Alamo Navajo, Tohajiileehee Navajo and Ramah Navajo into the general Navajo tribe, or the combining of individual Alaska Native tribes such as American Eskimo, Eskimo, and Greenland Eskimo into the general Eskimo tribe. There are also three other categories: American Indian tribes not specified, Alaska Native tribes not specified and AIAN tribes not specified.
Tribal Jurisdiction Statistical Area (TJSA)
A statistical area identified and delineated for the 1990 decennial census by American Indian tribal officials in Oklahoma. They encompass the area that includes the American Indian population over which the tribe has jurisdiction. TJSAs replaced the Historic Areas of Oklahoma recognized by the Census Bureau for the 1980 decennial census. Beginning with Census 2000 these areas are called Oklahoma Tribal Statistical Areas (OTSAs).
Tutorial
An on-line mini-course, part of the American FactFinder Help system, which demonstrates how to accomplish various important tasks using the FactFinder site.
Type of institution
Institutions are those facilities designed for group quarters living. Institutions may specialize in one specific type of service such as a prison, or may offer varied services such as Veteran's Administration hospitals.
Related terms: Group quarters (GQ), Institutionalized population
Type of operation or tax status code
In the Economic Census, merchant wholesale establishments are classified by kind of business and are also classified by type of operation according to the ownership of the business and character of the transactions. Merchant wholesale establishments are grouped into the following two major types of operation and related subgroups:
- Merchant wholesalers, except manufacturers' sales branches and offices. Establishments primarily engaged in buying and selling merchandise on their own account. Included here are such types of establishments as wholesale distributors and jobbers, importers, exporters, own-brand importers/marketers, terminal and country grain elevators, and farm products assemblers.
- Manufacturers' sales branches and offices. Establishments primarily maintained by manufacturing, refining, and mining companies apart from their plants or mines for marketing their products at wholesale.
In addition to being classified by kind of business, establishments in selected services sectors are also classified by whether the business is subject to or exempt from federal income taxes.
Type of school
Schools are designated as public or private institutions and are separated by levels of education offered, including: college, pre-primary, elementary or high school.
Related term: Educational attainment, School enrollment
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